Managing tasks in a cloud computing environment using multiple orchestration tools

ABSTRACT

Tasks in a cloud computing environment can be managed using multiple orchestration tools. For example, a request to perform a particular task in a cloud computing environment can be received. A database that includes relationships between multiple orchestration tools and characteristics of the multiple orchestration tools can be accessed. A first orchestration tool can be selected from the database based on a first characteristic related to the first orchestration tool in the database. The first orchestration tool can be capable of performing a first part of the particular task. A second orchestration tool can be selected from the database based on a second characteristic related to the second orchestration tool in the database. The second orchestration tool can be capable of performing a second part of the particular task. The particular task can be performed in the cloud computing environment using the first orchestration tool and the second orchestration tool.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates generally to network resource allocation. More specifically, but not by way of limitation, this disclosure relates to managing tasks in a cloud computing environment using multiple orchestration tools.

BACKGROUND

An orchestration tool can be software used to virtualize, provision, or otherwise manage resources in a cloud computing environment, such as a software-as-a-service (SaaS) environment, a platform-as-a-service (PaaS) environment, or an infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS) environment. Some orchestration tools can be used to, for example, deploy virtual machines in the cloud computing environment, manage physical resources (e.g., processing power, memory, or storage space) for the cloud computing environment, or install software in the cloud computing environment.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an example of a system for managing tasks in a cloud computing environment using multiple orchestration tools according to some aspects.

FIG. 2 is a table of an example of orchestration tools and related characteristics according to some aspects.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an example of another system for managing tasks in a cloud computing environment using multiple orchestration tools according to some aspects.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an example of a process for managing tasks in a cloud computing environment using multiple orchestration tools according to some aspects according to some aspects.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

There are multiple different types of orchestration tools available for managing a cloud computing environment. Examples of orchestration tools can include Heat, Ansible, Puppet, Juju, SaltStack, Chef, Kubemetes, and CloudFormation. And each of these orchestration tools can have strengths and weaknesses. For example, some orchestration tools can only operate on systems of specific cloud-service providers, while other orchestration tools can integrate with any cloud-service provider. And some orchestration tools can only operate within a certain hardware or software framework, which may be computationally or financially expensive to configure, while other orchestration tools may be able to operate on any hardware or software framework. Further, some types of orchestration tools can perform certain tasks (e.g., deploying a virtual machine or installing software) faster than other types of orchestration tools. It can be challenging and time consuming for a user to identify the best orchestration tool to use for each particular task in a cloud computing environment.

Some examples of the present disclosure can overcome one or more of the abovementioned issues through the use of a database (e.g., a lookup table) that relates different types of orchestration tools to characteristics of the orchestration tools. Examples of the characteristics can include (i) whether the orchestration tool works with a particular cloud-service provider; (ii) whether the orchestration tool works with particular software, such as OpenStack; (iii) whether the orchestration tool can re-run, create, and debug certain types of resources, such as OpenStack resources; (iv) whether the orchestration tool can run and debug certain types of software configurations; (v) an indication of the flexibility of the orchestration tool; (vi) whether the orchestration tool supports or has a certain feature, such as the ability to provision virtual machines; (vii) a speed with which the orchestration tool can perform a certain task, such as installing software; (viii) an indication of a level of familiarity a user has with the orchestration tool; or (viii) any combination of these. A computing device can access the database and identify one or more orchestration tools to use to perform a particular task based on the characteristics of the orchestration tools. For example, the computing device can access the database and identify the “best” orchestration tool (relative to the other orchestration tools listed in the database) to use to perform a particular task based on the orchestration tool having a highest score associated with the particular task. The computing device can then use the orchestration tool(s) to perform the particular task. Some examples can provide a substantially automated process through which orchestration tools can be identified and used to perform a particular task in a cloud computing environment. This may reduce the amount of time, difficulty, and financial costs associated with configuring a cloud computing environment.

As a particular example, it can be challenging to install, update, operate, and otherwise configure an OpenStack-based cloud environment. Some examples of the present disclosure can simplify this process by splitting the configuration of the OpenStack-based cloud environment into multiple phases, and identifying one or more orchestration tools to use to implement each phase. For example, a first phase can include deploying the virtual resources for the OpenStack-based cloud environment. The computing device can access the database and determine that an orchestration tool named “Heat” has characteristics that make it superior (relative to the other orchestration tools listed in the database) for deploying virtual resources than other orchestration tools. So, the computing device can use Heat to deploy the virtual resources. A second phase can include installing and configuring services using the virtual resources. The computing device can also use the database to determine that orchestration tools named “Ansible” and “Puppet” have characteristics that make them superior for installing and configuring services. So, the computing device can select and use Ansible or Puppet to install and configure the services. In some examples, Puppet may have additional characteristics (e.g., pre-programmed modules for installing and configuring the particular services required in this example) that make it superior to Ansible for installing and configuring the particular services required in this example. So, the computing device may ultimately select and use Puppet to install and configure the services.

Another example involves installing OpenShift in an OpenStack-based infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS) cloud environment. OpenShift is a container platform by Red Hat™ that can use Docker containers and the Kubernetes container cluster manager. In such an example, the computing device can split the installation process into a first phase for deploying OpenStack resources (e.g., virtual machines, network resources, volumes, etc.) and a second phase for deploying OpenShift using the OpenStack resources. The computing device can use the database to determine that Heat has characteristics that make it superior for deploying the OpenStack resources. So, the computing device can use Heat to deploy the OpenStack resources. And the computing device can use the database to determine that Ansible and Puppet have characteristics that make them superior for installing and OpenShift. So, the computing device can use Ansible or Puppet to install and configure OpenShift. In some examples, Ansible may have additional characteristics (e.g., pre-programmed modules for installing and configuring OpenShift) that make it superior to Puppet for installing OpenShift. So, the computing device may ultimately select Ansible to install OpenShift.

Yet another example involves deploying a cluster of servers having identical software and an identical configuration. In such an example, the computing device may determine that only one orchestration tool is required, because there is no need to configure complex, interdependent software. The computing device can access the database and determine that Heat has characteristics that make it superior for deploying a cluster of servers having identical software and an identical configuration. For example, Heat may excel at updating a group of identical software or resources. So, the computing device can select and use Heat to deploy the cluster of servers.

Another example involves deploying a hybrid cloud-computing environment that uses both Amazon Web Services (AWS) and OpenStack. This can be a relatively complex process. The computing device can use the database to determine that Ansible has characteristics that make it superior for coordinating such complex processes. So, the computing device can use Ansible to coordinate the process. The computing device can also use the database to determine that Heat has characteristics that make it superior for deploying the OpenStack resources. So, the computing device can use Ansible to cause Heat to deploy the OpenStack resources. The computing device can further the database to determine that CloudFormation has characteristics that make it superior for AWS. So, the computing device can use Ansible to cause CloudFormation to configure the portion of the hybrid cloud-computing environment that uses AWS. In some examples, the computing device can use the database to determine that Ansible is also superior for installing OpenShift. So, the computing device can use Ansible to install OpenShift on the hybrid cloud-computing environment.

These illustrative examples are given to introduce the reader to the general subject matter discussed here and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosed concepts. The following sections describe various additional features and examples with reference to the drawings in which like numerals indicate like elements but, like the illustrative examples, should not be used to limit the present disclosure.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an example of a system for managing tasks in a cloud computing environment 108 using multiple orchestration tools 112 a-b according to some aspects. The system includes a client device 102 in communication with the cloud computing environment 108 (e.g., one or more nodes 106 a-c in the cloud computing environment 108). The client device 102 can submit a task request 104 to the cloud computing environment 108. The cloud computing environment 108 can receive the task request and determine which orchestration tools to use to perform the task by accessing a database 110. For example, the cloud computing environment 108 can use the database to determine one or more orchestration tools, such as orchestration tools 112 a-b, having certain characteristics that enable the orchestration tools to perform the task. The cloud computing environment 108 can then use the orchestration tools to perform the task.

More specifically, as discussed above, the system can include a client device 102. Examples of the client device can include a desktop computer, laptop computer, server, mobile device, tablet, or any combination of these. The client device 102 can transmit one or more task requests to a cloud-service provider to cause the cloud-service provider to perform one or more tasks. Examples of the cloud-service provider can include AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform, and IBM Cloud. The tasks may be part of a process for deploying or configuring the cloud computing environment 108.

The cloud computing environment 108 can be a software-as-a-service (SaaS) environment, a platform-as-a-service (PaaS) environment, an infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS) environment, or another type of cloud computing environment. And the cloud computing environment 108 can be formed from any number and combination of nodes, such as nodes 106 a-c. Examples of the nodes can include computing devices, servers, virtual machines, or any combination of these. The nodes can individually or collectively work together to perform functions in the cloud computing environment 108.

In some examples, the cloud computing environment 108 includes the database 110. For example, node 106 a can include the database 110. In other examples, the database 110 can be external to the cloud computing environment 108 and remotely accessed by the cloud computing environment 108. Either way, the cloud computing environment 108 is capable of reading data from the database 110.

The database 110 can include relationships between orchestration tools and the characteristics of the orchestration tools. One example of the database 110 is shown in FIG. 2. In the example shown in FIG. 2, each row in the database 110 is for a different type of orchestration tool (e.g., Heat, Ansible, and Puppet). And each column in the database 110 is related to a different type of characteristic for an orchestration tool. Column 202 includes information indicating whether the orchestration tool works with a particular (designated as X) cloud-services provider, such as AWS. Column 204 includes information indicating whether the orchestration tool works with another (designated as Y) cloud-services provider, such as Google Cloud Platform. Column 206 includes information indicating whether the orchestration tool works with OpenStack, which is a set of software tools for building and managing cloud computing platforms for public and private clouds. Column 208 includes information indicating whether the orchestration tool can re-run, create, and debug OpenStack resources. Column 210 includes information indicating whether the orchestration tool can run and debug certain software configurations. Column 212 includes information indicating a level of flexibility of the orchestration tool. Column 214 includes information indicating whether the orchestration tool supports a certain feature (designated as Z). Column 216 includes information indicating a speed or ability of the orchestration tool to deploy a virtual resource. Column 218 includes information indicating a level of familiarity that a user may have with the orchestration tool. These are merely illustrative examples, and the database 110 can include any number and combination of columns indicating any number and combination of characteristics of any number and combination of orchestration tools. And the database 110 may include alternative combinations of data elements that are different from the tabular structure shown in FIG. 2.

In some examples, the database 110 can use a binary format (e.g., yes or no) to indicate a characteristic of an orchestration tool. For example, column 204 has check marks and X's to indicate if an orchestration tool has a particular feature. Additionally or alternatively, the database 110 can use a discrete or continuous scale to indicate a characteristic of an orchestration tool. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the database 110 uses a scale between 1 and 5 to indicate a characteristic of an orchestration tool, where 1 indicates a low or undesirable value and 5 indicates a high or desirable value. For example, the value of 1 in column 212 for Heat may indicate that Heat has a relatively low level of flexibility, whereas the value of 5 in column 212 for Puppet may indicate that Puppet has a relatively high level of flexibility. As another example, the value of 1 in column 218 for Puppet may indicate that a user has a relatively low level of familiarity with Puppet, whereas the value of 4 in column 218 for Ansible may indicate that the user has a relatively high level of familiarity with Ansible. As still another example, the value of 2 in column 216 for Puppet may indicate that Puppet deploys virtual resources at a relatively low speed, whereas the value of 4 in column 216 for Heat may indicate that Heat deploys virtual resources at a relatively high speed. Any number and combination of techniques can be used to indicate characteristics of orchestration tools in the database 110.

In some examples, the database 110 can be manually created by a user or team of users. For example, a team of users that manage the cloud computing environment 108 can analyze each type of orchestration tool and create or update at least one column or one row of the database 110. In other examples, the database 110 can be created in a substantially automated manner. For example, a computing device (e.g., one of the nodes 106 a-c) can receive user input indicating which orchestration tools are to be included in the database 110. The computing device can then analyze installation files, configuration files, online resources (e.g., websites), and other resources related to each orchestration tool to identify the characteristics of the orchestration tool and build the database 110. The computing device can analyze any number and combination of information to substantially automatically build the database 110.

The cloud computing environment 108 can access the database 110 to determine which orchestration tool(s) to use to perform a task, such as the task requested by the client device 102. For example, the cloud computing environment 108 can access the database to determine that at least a portion of the task is to be performed using one orchestration tool 112 a based on the orchestration tool 112 a having one characteristic, and another portion of the task is to be performed using another orchestration tool 112 b based on the orchestration tool 112 b having another characteristic. The cloud computing environment 108 can then perform the task using the determined orchestration tools. The cloud computing environment 108 can use any number and combination of orchestration tools to perform a task. And, although FIG. 1 shows orchestration tool 112 a on node 106 a and orchestration tool 112 b on node 106 b, the cloud computing environment 108 can have any configuration of orchestration tools on any number and combination of nodes.

As a particular example, if the task is to configure a webserver within the cloud computing environment 108, the cloud computing environment 108 can determine that orchestration tool 112 a is the “best” orchestration tool to use (relative to other orchestration tools in the database 110) to provision a virtual machine 114 for the webserver. The cloud computing environment 108 can make this determination because, for example, orchestration tool 112 a may have a highest score in column 216 of the database 110. And having the highest score in column 216 may indicate that orchestration tool 112 a is the fastest at deploying virtual machines among the orchestration tools listed in the database 110. In some examples, the cloud computing environment 108 can also determine that orchestration tool 112 b is the “best” orchestration tool to use to install the webserver software 116 for the webserver. The cloud computing environment 108 can make this determination because, for example, orchestration tool 112 b may have a check mark in column 214 of the database 110. This may indicate that orchestration tool 112 b supports the webserver software 116. The webserver can then be configured within the cloud computing environment 108 by using the orchestration tool 112 a to provision the virtual machine 114 and the orchestration tool 112 b to install the webserver software 116.

The cloud computing environment 108 can weight, triage, or prioritize characteristics of the orchestration tools to determine which orchestration tool(s) to use to perform a particular task. For example, a task may include installing certain software in the cloud computing environment 108. Two orchestration tools 112 a-b may have the same score (e.g., 5) related to supporting the software. But one of the orchestration tools 112 a may have a higher score related to the speed at which the orchestration tool 112 a can install the software than the other orchestration tool 112 b. In such an example, the cloud computing environment 108 can break the tie in favor of orchestration tool 112 a based on the orchestration tool 112 a having the higher score related to the speed. As another example, orchestration tool 112 a can have a lower score (e.g., 3) related to supporting the software than orchestration tool 112 b, but a higher score (e.g., 5) related to the speed at which the orchestration tool 112 a can install the software than orchestration tool 112 b. The cloud computing environment 108 can determine that this combination of scores results in the orchestration tool 112 a being superior over orchestration tool 112 b to perform the task. For example, the cloud computing environment 108 can determine that an average of the scores for orchestration tool 112 a is greater than an average of the scores for orchestration tool 112 b, and therefore select orchestration tool 112 a. In some examples, each characteristic in the database 110 can be assigned a rank or weight. For example, the rank or weight for each characteristic can be included in the database 110, in another database, or indicated elsewhere. The cloud computing environment 108 can use the ranks or weights of the characteristics to prioritize orchestration tools over one another. The cloud computing environment 108 can analyze any number and combination of characteristics of the orchestration tools to determine which orchestration tool to use for a particular task.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an example of another system for managing tasks in a cloud computing environment 108 using multiple orchestration tools 308 a-b according to some aspects. The system includes the cloud computing environment 108, the database 110, and the node 106 a of FIG. 2. In this example, node 106 a receives a task request 104 (e.g., from a client device) for performing a particular task, accesses the database 110 to determine relationships between orchestration tools (e.g., A, B, and C) and characteristics (e.g., X. Y, and Z) of the orchestration tools, and selects at least two orchestration tools 308 a-b to use to perform the particular task. Node 106 a can then use a first orchestration tool 308 a to perform a first part of the particular task and a second orchestration tool 308 b to perform a second part of the particular task. In some examples, the node 106 a communicates with another node (e.g., node 106 b from FIG. 2) to perform the first part of the particular task. Additionally or alternatively, node 106 a can communicate with another node (e.g., node 106 c from FIG. 2) to perform the second part of the particular task. Node 106 a can communicate with any number and combination of nodes to perform the particular task.

The node 106 a can include a processing device 304 communicatively coupled to a memory device 306. The processing device 304 can include one processing device or multiple processing devices. Non-limiting examples of the processing device 304 include a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a microprocessor, etc.

The processing device 304 can execute one or more operations for managing tasks in a cloud computing environment using multiple orchestration tools. The processing device 304 can execute instructions stored in the memory device 306 to perform the operations. In some examples, the instructions can include processor-specific instructions generated by a compiler or an interpreter from code written in any suitable computer-programming language, such as C, C++, C#, etc.

Memory device 306 can include one memory device or multiple memory devices. The memory device 306 can be non-volatile and may include any type of memory device that retains stored information when powered off. Non-limiting examples of the memory device 306 include electrically erasable and programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory, or any other type of non-volatile memory. In some examples, at least some of the memory device can include a medium from which the processing device 304 can read instructions. A computer-readable medium can include electronic, optical, magnetic, or other storage devices capable of providing the processing device with computer-readable instructions or other program code. Non-limiting examples of a computer-readable medium include magnetic disk(s), memory chip(s), ROM, random-access memory (RAM), an ASIC, a configured processor, optical storage, or any other medium from which a computer processor can read instructions.

In some examples, the memory device 306 includes the database 110, the first orchestration tool 308 a, the second orchestration tool 308 b, or any combination of these. For example, the memory device 306 can include program code for the first orchestration tool 308 a, the second orchestration tool 308 b, or both of these.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an example of a process for managing tasks in a cloud computing environment using multiple orchestration tools according to some aspects according to some aspects. Other examples can include more steps, fewer steps, different steps, or a different order of the steps depicted in FIG. 4. The steps of FIG. 4 are described below with reference to components discussed above.

In block 402, a node 106 a receives a task request 104 to perform a particular task in a cloud computing environment 108. Examples of the task can include installing, building, or configuring software within the cloud computing environment 108. The node 106 a can receive the request from a client device 102 or another device.

In block 404, the node 106 a accesses a database 110 that includes relationships between a plurality of orchestration tools and characteristics of the plurality of orchestration tools. For example, the node 106 a can communicate with a database server over the Internet to access the database 110, or the database 110 can be stored in a local memory (e.g., memory device 306) of the node 106 a and accessed from the local memory.

In block 406, the node 106 a selects, from the database 110, a first orchestration tool 308 a based on a first characteristic related to the first orchestration tool 308 a in the database 110. The first orchestration tool 308 a can be capable of performing a first part of the particular task in the cloud computing environment 108. In some examples, the first part of the particular task can include at least one of: (i) provisioning a virtual machine; (ii) configuring a particular network resource in the cloud computing environment 108; (iii) configuring a particular data-storage resource for use in the cloud computing environment 108; or (iv) configuring the cloud computing environment 108 to have an autoscaling capability in which an amount of computer resources dedicated to a task is increased or decreased based on conditions of the cloud computing environment 108.

For example, the node 106 a can select the first orchestration tool 308 a based on a score corresponding to the first orchestration tool 308 a in the database 110. The score can reflect an ability or speed with which the first orchestration tool 308 a can perform the first part of the particular task. In some examples, the first characteristic can include a score that indicates at least one of (i) an ability of the first orchestration tool 308 a to perform the first part of the particular task, (ii) a speed at which the first orchestration tool 308 a performs the first part of the particular task, (iii) a monetary cost for using the first orchestration tool 308 a to perform the first part of the particular task; (iv) a level of familiarity that a user has with the first orchestration tool 308 a; or (v) any combination of these. For example, the score can be indicative of at least one of (a) the ability of the first orchestration tool 308 a to configure the cloud computing environment 108 using a predesignated provider of cloud services; (b) the ability of the first orchestration tool to configure the cloud computing environment 108 to have a particular piece of software; (d) the speed at which the first orchestration tool 308 a installs or executes software in the cloud computing environment 108; (e) the speed at which the first orchestration tool 308 a deploys a virtual machine in the cloud computing environment 108; (f) the speed at which the first orchestration tool 308 a deploys a virtual resource in the cloud computing environment 108; (vi) the ability of the first orchestration tool 308 a to debug an error; or (vii) any combination of these.

In block 408, the node 106 a selects, from the database 110, a second orchestration tool 308 b based on a second characteristic related to the second orchestration tool 308 b in the database 110. The second orchestration tool 308 b can be different from the first orchestration tool 308 a and capable of performing a second part of the particular task in the cloud computing environment 108. In some examples, the second part of the particular task can include any of the options listed above with respect to the first part of the particular task described in block 406.

For example, the node 106 a can select the second orchestration tool 308 b based on a score corresponding to the second orchestration tool 308 b in the database 110. The score can reflect an ability or speed with which the second orchestration tool 308 b can perform the second part of the particular task. In some examples, the second characteristic can include a score that is indicative of any of the options listed above with respect to the first characteristic described in block 406.

In block 410, the node 106 a can perform the particular task in the cloud computing environment 108 by causing (i) the first orchestration tool 308 a to perform the first part of the particular task and (ii) the second orchestration tool 308 b to perform the second part of the particular task.

For example, the node 106 a can communicate commands to the first orchestration tool 308 a to cause the first orchestration tool 308 a to perform the first part of the particular task. The node 106 a can additionally or alternatively communicate commands to the second orchestration tool 308 b to cause the second orchestration tool 308 b to perform the second part of the particular task. The node 106 a can issue any number and combination of commands to implement the particular task using the orchestration tools 308 a-b.

The foregoing description of certain examples, including illustrated examples, has been presented only for the purpose of illustration and description and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosure to the precise forms disclosed. Numerous modifications, adaptations, and uses thereof will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the disclosure. 

1. A method comprising: receiving, by a computing device, a request to perform a particular task in a cloud computing environment; accessing, by the computing device, a database that includes relationships between a plurality of orchestration tools and characteristics of the plurality of orchestration tools, each orchestration tool in the plurality of orchestration tools being related to at least one characteristic in the database; selecting, by the computing device and from the database, a first orchestration tool based on a first characteristic related to the first orchestration tool in the database, the first orchestration tool being capable of performing a first part of the particular task in the cloud computing environment; selecting, by the computing device and from the database, a second orchestration tool based on a second characteristic related to the second orchestration tool in the database, the second orchestration tool being different from the first orchestration tool and capable of performing a second part of the particular task in the cloud computing environment; and performing, by the computing device, the particular task in the cloud computing environment by causing (i) the first orchestration tool to perform the first part of the particular task and (ii) the second orchestration tool to perform the second part of the particular task.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the database is a lookup table, and the first part of the particular task includes at least one of: (i) provisioning a virtual machine; (ii) configuring a particular network resource in the cloud computing environment; (iii) configuring a particular data-storage resource for use in the cloud computing environment; or (iv) configuring the cloud computing environment to have an autoscaling capability in which an amount of computer resources dedicated to a task is increased or decreased based on conditions of the cloud computing environment.
 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the first characteristic is a score that indicates at least one of (i) an ability of the first orchestration tool to perform the first part of the particular task, (ii) a speed at which the first orchestration tool performs the first part of the particular task, (iii) a monetary cost for using the first orchestration tool to perform the first part of the particular task; or (iv) a level of familiarity that a user has with the first orchestration tool.
 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the score is indicative of at least one of: (i) the ability of the first orchestration tool to configure the cloud computing environment using a predesignated provider of cloud services; (ii) the ability of the first orchestration tool to configure the cloud computing environment to have a particular piece of software; (iii) the speed at which the first orchestration tool installs or executes software in the cloud computing environment; (iv) the speed at which the first orchestration tool deploys a virtual machine in the cloud computing environment; (v) the speed at which the first orchestration tool deploys a virtual resource in the cloud computing environment; or (vi) the ability of the first orchestration tool to debug an error.
 5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the first part of the particular task includes configuring the cloud computing environment using a particular provider of cloud services; the first characteristic indicates that the first orchestration tool is capable of configuring the cloud computing environment using the particular provider of cloud services; and another characteristic of another orchestration tool in the database indicates that the other orchestration tool is incapable of configuring the cloud computing environment using the particular provider of cloud services.
 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the first characteristic indicates that the first orchestration tool is capable of completing the first part of the particular task faster than at least one other orchestration tool in the database.
 7. The method of claim 1, wherein: the first part of the particular task includes allocating computing resources for a cluster of nodes that forms at least a portion of the cloud computing environment; and the second part of the particular task includes installing software on the cluster of nodes.
 8. A system comprising: a processing device; and a memory device on which instructions executable by the processing device are stored for causing the processing device to: receive a request to perform a particular task in a cloud computing environment; access a database that includes relationships between a plurality of orchestration tools and characteristics of the plurality of orchestration tools, each orchestration tool in the plurality of orchestration tools being related to at least one characteristic in the database; select, from the database, a first orchestration tool based on a first characteristic related to the first orchestration tool in the database, the first orchestration tool being capable of performing a first part of the particular task in the cloud computing environment; select, from the database, a second orchestration tool based on a second characteristic related to the second orchestration tool in the database, the second orchestration tool being different from the first orchestration tool and capable of performing a second part of the particular task in the cloud computing environment; and perform the particular task in the cloud computing environment by causing (i) the first orchestration tool to perform the first part of the particular task and (ii) the second orchestration tool to perform the second part of the particular task.
 9. The system of claim 8, wherein the database is a lookup table, and the first part of the particular task includes at least one of: (i) provisioning a virtual machine; (ii) configuring a particular network resource in the cloud computing environment; (iii) configuring a particular data-storage resource for use in the cloud computing environment; or (iv) configuring the cloud computing environment to have an autoscaling capability in which an amount of computer resources dedicated to a task is increased or decreased based on conditions of the cloud computing environment.
 10. The system of claim 8, wherein the first characteristic is a score that indicates at least one of (i) an ability of the first orchestration tool to perform the first part of the particular task, (ii) a speed at which the first orchestration tool performs the first part of the particular task, (iii) a monetary cost for using the first orchestration tool to perform the first part of the particular task; or (iv) a level of familiarity that a user has with the first orchestration tool.
 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the score is indicative of at least one of: (i) the ability of the first orchestration tool to configure the cloud computing environment using a predesignated provider of cloud services; (ii) the ability of the first orchestration tool to configure the cloud computing environment to have a particular piece of software; (iii) the speed at which the first orchestration tool installs or executes software in the cloud computing environment; (iv) the speed at which the first orchestration tool deploys a virtual machine in the cloud computing environment; (v) the speed at which the first orchestration tool deploys a virtual resource in the cloud computing environment; or (vi) the ability of the first orchestration tool to debug an error.
 12. The system of claim 8, wherein: the first part of the particular task includes configuring the cloud computing environment using a particular provider of cloud services; the first characteristic indicates that the first orchestration tool is capable of configuring the cloud computing environment using the particular provider of cloud services; and another characteristic of another orchestration tool in the database indicates that the other orchestration tool is incapable of configuring the cloud computing environment using the particular provider of cloud services.
 13. The system of claim 8, wherein the first characteristic indicates that the first orchestration tool is capable of completing the first part of the particular task faster than at least one other orchestration tool in the database.
 14. The system of claim 8, wherein: the first part of the particular task includes allocating computing resources for a cluster of nodes that forms at least a portion of the cloud computing environment; and the second part of the particular task includes installing software on the cluster of nodes.
 15. A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising program code that is executable by a processing device for causing the processing device to: receive a request to perform a particular task in a cloud computing environment; access a database that includes relationships between a plurality of orchestration tools and characteristics of the plurality of orchestration tools, each orchestration tool in the plurality of orchestration tools being related to at least one characteristic in the database; select, from the database, a first orchestration tool based on a first characteristic related to the first orchestration tool in the database, the first orchestration tool being capable of performing a first part of the particular task in the cloud computing environment; select, from the database, a second orchestration tool based on a second characteristic related to the second orchestration tool in the database, the second orchestration tool being different from the first orchestration tool and capable of performing a second part of the particular task in the cloud computing environment; and perform the particular task in the cloud computing environment by causing (i) the first orchestration tool to perform the first part of the particular task and (ii) the second orchestration tool to perform the second part of the particular task.
 16. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the database is a lookup table, and the first part of the particular task includes at least one of: (i) provisioning a virtual machine; (ii) configuring a particular network resource in the cloud computing environment; (iii) configuring a particular data-storage resource for use in the cloud computing environment; or (iv) configuring the cloud computing environment to have an autoscaling capability in which an amount of computer resources dedicated to a task is increased or decreased based on conditions of the cloud computing environment.
 17. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the first characteristic is a score that indicates at least one of (i) an ability of the first orchestration tool to perform the first part of the particular task, (ii) a speed at which the first orchestration tool performs the first part of the particular task, (iii) a monetary cost for using the first orchestration tool to perform the first part of the particular task; or (iv) a level of familiarity that a user has with the first orchestration tool.
 18. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 17, wherein the score is indicative of at least one of: (i) the ability of the first orchestration tool to configure the cloud computing environment using a predesignated provider of cloud services; (ii) the ability of the first orchestration tool to configure the cloud computing environment to have a particular piece of software; (iii) the speed at which the first orchestration tool installs or executes software in the cloud computing environment; (iv) the speed at which the first orchestration tool deploys a virtual machine in the cloud computing environment; (v) the speed at which the first orchestration tool deploys a virtual resource in the cloud computing environment; or (vi) the ability of the first orchestration tool to debug an error.
 19. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein: the first part of the particular task includes configuring the cloud computing environment using a particular provider of cloud services; the first characteristic indicates that the first orchestration tool is capable of configuring the cloud computing environment using the particular provider of cloud services; and another characteristic of another orchestration tool in the database indicates that the other orchestration tool is incapable of configuring the cloud computing environment using the particular provider of cloud services.
 20. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the first characteristic indicates that the first orchestration tool is capable of completing the first part of the particular task faster than at least one other orchestration tool in the database. 